Concrete Archives

Rebound Test: Equipment – Operation

In this article, the Rebound Test (schmidt hammer test) is outlined. The Swiss engineer Ernst Schmidt, first developed a practicable rebound test hammer in the late 1940s, amd modern versions are based on this. Figure 1 shows the

Classification of Aggregates

TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

In this article named “Classification of Aggregates”, the general classification of aggregates is described. General Classification of Aggregates Aggregate size applied in concrete can vary from less than one-tenth of a millimetre to tens of

Concrete Aggregates

TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

Concrete Aggregates Aggregate is the most voluminous component of concrete. Depending on the desired concrete properties, primarily strength but also durability and other properties, the mass of aggregate in concrete represents about 3.5 (for high-strength) to

Visual Defects of Concrete

TeamCivil Concrete, Durability, Repair

Visual Defects of Concrete: one of the simplest ways to understand what exactly causes concrete to fail would be performing a Visual Survey of the deteriorated concrete structure. When a client hires an Engineer to inspect a

Surface Rust Stains and Efflorescence

TeamCivil Concrete, Durability, Repair

In this article, two of the visual defects that might appear on concrete are discussed: Surface Rust Stains and Efflorescence (or Leaching) of concrete. Surface Rust Stains Rust stains are caused by corroded steel below

Cracking and Honeycombing of Concrete

TeamCivil Concrete, Durability, Repair

In this article, two of the visual defects that might appear on concrete are discussed: Cracking and Honeycombing of concrete. Cracking of Concrete Cracking is frequently occur in concrete structures. There are various types of cracking that

Surface Scaling and Spalling of Concrete

TeamCivil Concrete, Durability, Repair

In this article, two of the visual defects that might appear on concrete are discussed: Surface Scaling and Spalling of concrete. Surface Scaling of Concrete Scaling is a form of disintegration and is due in most

Production of Fly Ash

TeamCivil Concrete, Materials

In this article named “Production of Fly Ash“, the process of fly ash production will be discussed briefly. Fly ash is a by-product of burning coal in an electrical generating station. The following figure shows a